The Latest Fascinating Findings in Anti-Aging Research

Aug 17, 2023

If there is one health-related topic that we can agree on, it is that we all want to live longer. Anti-aging research has progressed to a respectable point where we can draw on science to employ lifestyle, diet and supplement interventions that promote longevity. 

While it may be unknown how much longer we can extend our lives with these tactics, we can be reassured that taking many of these steps will, at a minimum, enhance our quality of life.  Notwithstanding, there are still more unanswered questions in this field of research than answered ones.

The 9 Hallmarks of Aging include: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication.

There are 4 major associated pathways that we know from research that we can target with the hope of adding a decade or two to our lifespan.

These include:

  • mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR);
  • adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK);
  • silent information regulators (SIR) or sirtuins;
  • nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB).

The focus of this article is to demystify these pathways, and demonstrate lifestyle and diet choices that most effectively target these pathways in a synergistic manner, so you can save time and money. 

As you will find out below, exercise, fasting, a polyphenol/ phytochemical-rich diet, cold and hot stress, are our best bets for living longer and healthier until more and better research comes in.

Anti-Aging Research on mTOR

mTOR is a cellular pathway that acts as a signaling controller for cell growth and lifespan, metabolism, and propagation (2). The mTOR pathway regulates processes that convert or utilize energy and nutrients.

Essentially, mTOR reacts to nutrients and calories in determining if times are plentiful or stressful; mTOR ramps up if energy and nutrients are in abundance and ramps down in times of stress, such as in caloric restriction (3).

Dysfunctional mTOR controlling prompts several detrimental cellular actions, such as those correlated with multiple types of cancers (4). 

Overactivation of mTOR is linked to many aging-related diseases and conditions, therefore approaches to lower or normalize its activity are a prudent way to proactively promote cellular longevity (5). 

mTOR Strategy

Exercise activates mTOR the desired way, by increasing activity primarily in the muscles and brain (6).  Generally speaking, increasing AMPK will inhibit mTOR and a supplemental way to do this is with Cordyceps mushroom, a product I have taken every day for the last fifteen years.

The primary way to inhibit the mTOR pathway is through caloric restriction (CR).  Supplements and food compounds that target this pathway in a similar manner to CR are considered caloric restriction mimetics.  Food sources should be pursued at this time since there has been lack of human studies affirming the anti-aging potential of many of these compounds.

Best mTOR inhibitors:

  • Calorie restriction (7)
  • Plant phytochemicals including polyphenols, terpenes and glucosinolates / isothiocyanates (e.g. resveratrol, pterostilbene, quercetin, curcumin, anthocyanins, sulforaphane, thymoquinone and catechins like epigallocatechin gallate) (8) (9)

Anti-Aging Research on AMPK

AMPK is a cellular energy controller that adjusts how and by which our body utilizes and converts energy.  AMPK levels decrease as we age.  Higher levels of AMPK guard our bodies against diabetes, obesity, and accelerated aging (10).

Studies show that increased AMPK activity is linked to an increased lifespan by up to 20%.  Increased AMPK has been found to reduce multiple markers of aging including body-fat, blood sugar, blood lipid levels, and inflammation (10) (11) (12).   Activating AMPK also protects against dementia, memory impartment and hypertension (13) (14) (15).

AMPK Strategy

  • Calorie restriction(16)
  • Exercise(17) (18)
  • Reducing inflammation(19)
  • Cold and heat stress(20) (21) (22)
  • Cordyceps and plant phytochemicals including polyphenols, terpenes and glucosinolates / isothiocyanates (e.g. resveratrol, pterostilbene, quercetin, curcumin, anthocyanins, sulforaphane, thymoquinone and catechins like epigallocatechin gallate)(23) (24)
  • Trace minerals including lithium, boron; minerals such as zinc and selenium; and Vitamin C (25)(26)

Anti-Aging Research on SIRT

Sirtuins work amongst many cellular pathways that control apoptosis (programmed cell death), turn anti-aging genes on and off, help repair DNA and regulate metabolism.

SIRT also plays an important role in blood sugar control and insulin sensitivity (27) (28) (29).  SIRT genes require nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) for their activation.

NAD+ is found in all cells and is required for the proper functioning of mitochondria (the “working engine” of the cell) since it facilitates the transfer of energy from the foods we eat into forms utilized by the cell. 

NAD+ is also required for “turning off” genes that are associated with accelerated aging.  Like AMPK, NAD+ levels decrease with age (30).  Sirtuins also play a role in mitigating the shortening of telomeres (like “caps” on the end of DNA strands, serving to protect the chromosomes within).  The shortening of telomeres is associated with a shortening of lifespan (31).

SIRT Strategies

One product that targets all 9 Hallmarks of Aging with a focus on NAD+ and anti-aging phytonutrients is Peak Healthspan

Caloric restriction is the most powerful way to activate SIRT enzymes.  This happens through increasing NAD+ levels which, in turn, activate anti-aging SIRT genes (32) (33) (34) (35).  SIRT activation inhibits mTOR and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (36) (37).  An increase in NAD+ results in increased activity of AMPK.

Best SIRT activators (38) (39):

  • Calorie restriction or fasting (40)
  • Cold and heat stress (22)(41)(42)
  • Plant phytochemicals including polyphenols, terpenes and glucosinolates / isothiocyanates (e.g. resveratrol, pterostilbene, quercetin, curcumin, anthocyanins, sulforaphane, thymoquinone and catechins like epigallocatechin gallate) (23)(24)(43)
  • Sun (nitric oxide, vitamin D, and proper circadian rhythm) (44)(45)
  • Exercise (46)(47)
  • DHA (48)
  • Magnesium (49)

Anti-Aging Reseach on NF-kB

NF-kB is the central mediator of the immune response, in other words, the master switch for inflammation.  It is a like a super sensor detecting threats like free radicals, bad bacteria infiltration, and infections.  With age, NF-kB expression increases resulting in chronic inflammation and in the body overreacting to “threats”.

This is extremely important because chronic inflammation is related to numerous age related diseases and conditions; in fact, it is associated with 98% of the age related degenerative conditions including cancer, heart disease, diabetes, neurodegeneration (50). 

Obviously, NF-kB activity is something we want to control if we are aiming to increase our life and health span. Inflammatory responses related to exercise are beneficial and necessary.  Inhibiting the inflammatory response post-exercise may negate the benefits of exercise.

It also important that your PON1 gene is functioning optimally.  PON1 is one of the most studied genes and plays a critical role in cardiovascular risk, oxidative stress and inflammation.  Its enzymes are also responsible for breaking down chemicals that are detrimental to human health. 

Recent systems biology perspectives on longevity have identified that PON1 and NF-kB are linked, shedding light on the importance of both in inflammation (51) (52).

Undertaking a Nutrition Genome analysis will identify polymorphisms in your PON1 and recommend ways for improving gene function.  Lucky for us, PON1 gene function increases by many of the same inhibitors of NF-kB, which you can read more about here.

NF-kB Strategies

  • Sleep (proper circadian rhythm and melatonin levels)(53) (54) (55)
  • Yoga, meditation and reducing phycological stress(56) (57) (58)
  • Calorie restriction or fasting(59)
  • Fish oil (EPA and DHA)(60)
  • Anti-inflammatory foods and plant phytochemicals including polyphenols, terpenes and glucosinolates / isothiocyanates (e.g. resveratrol, pterostilbene, quercetin, curcumin, anthocyanins, sulforaphane, thymoquinone and catechins like epigallocatechin gallate)(61) (62)
  • Magnesium (63)
  • Vitamin D (64)
  • Heat stress (65)

What Do All These Anti-Aging Pathways Have in Common?

Here is the good news: these four pathways interact with each other and in most cases inducing the beneficial effect on one pathway typically does so on other linked pathways.  This allows us to target multiple pathways with one lifestyle or diet intervention; killing multiple birds with one stone if you will.

Looking at these pathways holistically, what do they all have in common?  What do they tell us about longevity? The answers to these questions can be distilled into the following:

  • We need to keep inflammation low;
  • We must ensure essential hormones, vitamins and minerals are present in the body at adequate levels to not inhibit cellular and enzyme activity;
  • It is important that we maintain insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance (and are metabolically flexible);
  • Implementing lifestyle and diet changes (at the right dose) that stress the body in a positive manner (i.e. hormesis), invoke a stress response that targets nearly all these pathways in a beneficial way; truly embodying the expression “what doesn’t kill us makes us stronger”.

 

Furthermore, with a review of all the noted strategies to inhibit or activate these pathways, we can safely conclude that the cheapest ways are still the best ways to target the mTOR, AMPK, NFkB and SIRT pathways (66).  To reiterate, these lifestyle and diet strategies are:

  • Eating a diverse healthy diet with many plant phytochemicals;
  • Heat stress;
  • Cold stress;
  • Caloric restriction / fasting;
  • Exercise;
  • Meditation / psychological stress reduction.

Below is a visual depiction of how these four pathways interact.  Note the relationship between the pathways and inflammation, energy/calories and insulin.  A few select food compounds are included to demonstrate how they target these pathways through activation or inhibition.

Figure 1 – Interactions of longevity pathways with select supplements (arrow represents activate; arrowless represents inhibit)

Source:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2504011/figure/F1/

Some Major Questions Regarding Anti-Aging Still Remain

Lastly, longevity research still has more unanswered questions than answered ones. Having said that, there are some important facts that we currently do know:

  • we do not know how multiple anti-aging strategies interact(68)
  • most chemical compounds and supplements have yet to be extensively tested in humans(68)
  • doses in studies are usually unpractically high and we do not know the effects of long-term use at those levels
  • high doses of isolated phytochemical/polyphenols may be detrimental (69)(70)
  • small chronic doses of studied compounds (and in a food matrix) seem to be more effective, and are more in line with what humans would have evolved consuming (71)(70)
  • Diminishing returns result as we compound these lifestyle and diet habits; the same goes for supplements, antioxidants, and phytochemical ingestion; CR mimetics and fasting seem to have reduced impact the better the diet, and the healthier and fitter one is (72)(70); we suspect the same applies to the “stacking” of hormetic strategies (i.e. more is not necessarily better; we need to find the right “dose” and attempt to get the maximum benefit for the least effort).

 

Until research tells us otherwise, the recommendations herein take a conservative pragmatic approach. The recommendations focus on nutritional synergies and count on the checks and balances of phytochemical, micronutrient, mineral, macronutrient complexes that are natural to whole foods.

Please read How to Live Longer with these 7 Phenomenol Compounds.

Sources

  1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836174/#!po=51.3158. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836174/#!po=51.3158.
  2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23994476. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23994476.
  3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19812304. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19812304.
  4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22500797. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22500797.
  5. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.521.5764&rep=rep1&type=pdf. [Online] http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.521.5764&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
  6. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1084952114002535. [Online] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1084952114002535.
  7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21462085. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21462085.
  8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4586293/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4586293/.
  9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25169472. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25169472.
  10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22186033. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22186033.
  11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23312286. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23312286.
  12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17307971. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17307971.
  13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21623793. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21623793.
  14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24547812. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24547812.
  15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23926267. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23926267.
  16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973318/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973318/.
  17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579147/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579147/.
  18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2779044/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2779044/.
  19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4287273/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4287273/.
  20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17272339. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17272339.
  21. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1464170/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1464170/.
  22. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4567/. [Online] http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4567/.
  23. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568163711000778. [Online] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568163711000778.
  24. http://cristivlad.com/neurohormetic-phytochemicals-plant-compounds-affecting-ampk-sirt1-mtor-igf-1/. [Online] http://cristivlad.com/neurohormetic-phytochemicals-plant-compounds-affecting-ampk-sirt1-mtor-igf-1/.
  25. http://www.lifeextension.com/Magazine/2015/11/Vitamin-C-Selenium-Boron-and-AMPK/Page-01. [Online] http://www.lifeextension.com/Magazine/2015/11/Vitamin-C-Selenium-Boron-and-AMPK/Page-01.
  26. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3172812/#R39. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3172812/#R39.
  27. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19936627. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19936627.
  28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19680552. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19680552.
  29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19895790. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19895790.
  30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18493620. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18493620.
  31. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24416313. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24416313.
  32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18165311. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18165311.
  33. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19416965. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19416965.
  34. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21224864. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21224864.
  35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21364612. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21364612.
  36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20169165. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20169165.
  37. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23359486. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23359486.
  38. http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/15/3/245.pdf. [Online] http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/15/3/245.pdf.
  39. http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/15/4/313.pdf. [Online] http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/15/4/313.pdf.
  40. http://jcb.rupress.org/content/199/2/205.full. [Online] http://jcb.rupress.org/content/199/2/205.full.
  41. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1097276511009440. [Online] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1097276511009440.
  42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3506499/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3506499/.
  43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4019696/. [Online]
  44. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24246911. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24246911.
  45. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4042195/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4042195/.
  46. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453937/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453937/.
  47. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3616265/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3616265/.
  48. http://www.fasebj.org/content/29/1_Supplement/995.11. [Online] http://www.fasebj.org/content/29/1_Supplement/995.11.
  49. https://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=66859. [Online] https://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=66859.
  50. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16387690. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16387690.
  51. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3900452/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3900452/.
  52. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20388091. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20388091.
  53. http://www.salk.edu/news-release/salk-scientists-discover-molecular-link-between-circadian-clock-disturbances-and-inflammatory-diseases/. [Online] http://www.salk.edu/news-release/salk-scientists-discover-molecular-link-between-circadian-clock-disturbances-and-inflammatory-diseases/.
  54. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17316404. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17316404.
  55. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20817086. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20817086.
  56. http://www.pnas.org/content/107/6/2669.full. [Online] http://www.pnas.org/content/107/6/2669.full.
  57. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22795617. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22795617.
  58. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24703167. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24703167.
  59. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19199090. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19199090.
  60. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12388359. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12388359.
  61. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471489207000677. [Online] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471489207000677.
  62. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22085595. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22085595.
  63. http://www.jimmunol.org/content/jimmunol/early/2012/05/18/jimmunol.1101765.full.pdf. [Online] http://www.jimmunol.org/content/jimmunol/early/2012/05/18/jimmunol.1101765.full.pdf.
  64. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16455676. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16455676.
  65. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16139305. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16139305.
  66. https://peerj.com/preprints/1015v1/. [Online] https://peerj.com/preprints/1015v1/.
  67. https://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/minerals.php. [Online] https://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/minerals.php.
  68. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039264/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039264/.
  69. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/04/070430224756.htm. [Online] https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/04/070430224756.htm.
  70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3982418/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3982418/.
  71. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346970. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346970.
  72. http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/9/377/eaai8700. [Online] http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/9/377/eaai8700.
  73. http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/15/2/152.pdf. [Online] http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/15/2/152.pdf.
  74. http://jeffreydachmd.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Pterostilbene_Monograph_Altern_Med_Review_July_2010.pdf. [Online] http://jeffreydachmd.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Pterostilbene_Monograph_Altern_Med_Review_July_2010.pdf.
  75. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mnfr.201370084/full. [Online] http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mnfr.201370084/full.
  76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11591174. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11591174.
  77. https://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=66859. [Online] https://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=66859.
  78. http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/magnesium. [Online] http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/magnesium.
  79. http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/10/4/326.pdf. [Online] http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/10/4/326.pdf.
  80. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268332935_Melatonin_Therapeutic_Value_and_Neuroprotection. [Online] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268332935_Melatonin_Therapeutic_Value_and_Neuroprotection.
  81. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26564773. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26564773.
  82. http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/13/2/153.pdf. [Online] http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/13/2/153.pdf.
  83. http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0049/ea0049EP786.htm. [Online] http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0049/ea0049EP786.htm.
  84. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21558808. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21558808.
  85. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23669253. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23669253.
  86. https://www.crs-src.ca/page.aspx?pid=1911. [Online] https://www.crs-src.ca/page.aspx?pid=1911.
  87. http://www.jbc.org/content/early/2013/05/13/jbc.M113.467670. [Online] http://www.jbc.org/content/early/2013/05/13/jbc.M113.467670.
  88. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4647131/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4647131/.
  89. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12265-012-9436-x. [Online] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12265-012-9436-x.
  90. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312102422_Vitamin_D_supplementation_inhibits_oxidative_stress_and_upregulate_SIRT1AMPKGLUT4_cascade_in_high_glucose-treated_3T3L1_adipocytes_and_in_adipose_tissue_of_high_fat_diet-fed_diabetic_mice. [Online] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312102422_Vitamin_D_supplementation_inhibits_oxidative_stress_and_upregulate_SIRT1AMPKGLUT4_cascade_in_high_glucose-treated_3T3L1_adipocytes_and_in_adipose_tissue_of_high_fat_diet-fed_diabetic_mice.
  91. http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/5/6/576.pdf. [Online] http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/5/6/576.pdf.
  92. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23071533. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23071533.
  93. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3691929/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3691929/.
  94. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3642442/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3642442/.
  95. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00018-008-8103-5. [Online] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00018-008-8103-5.
  96. http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2017/08/28/terpenoids.aspx. [Online] http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2017/08/28/terpenoids.aspx.
  97. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153165/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153165/.
  98. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92757/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92757/.
  99. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4553310/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4553310/.
  100. http://altmedrev.com/publications/15/4/352.pdf. [Online] http://altmedrev.com/publications/15/4/352.pdf.
  101. http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/isothiocyanates#anti-inflammatory-activity. [Online] http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/isothiocyanates#anti-inflammatory-activity.
  102. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869661/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869661/.
  103. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20806430. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20806430.
  104. http://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2017/JULY%2017/07242017bluelight.php. [Online] http://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2017/JULY%2017/07242017bluelight.php.
  105. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28109165. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28109165.
  106. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4820929/. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4820929/.
  107. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16455676. [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16455676.

 

PhytoVest

PhytoVest is the first software program to analyze micronutrient, phytonutrient, mycochemical, and probiotic intake from your diet and supplementation. The resulting analysis we generate for each customer is customized with diet and supplement recommendations based on your goals including reversing aging, skin cancer prevention, eye health, cognitive performance, breast health, prostate health, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and more.

Free to The Health Beat community for a limited time. Check out a sample report here!

0 Comments

Submit a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *